Method of uniting complementary frame members



' April 28, 1925.

W. K. BISHOP MMT OD OF UNI'IING COMPLEMENTARY FRAME MEMBERS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 8, 1924 m fwdw wxmzssas:

I ATTORNEY fl. MM..

.April 28, 1925.

. w. K. BISHOP I METHOD UNITING' COMPLEMENTARY FRAME MEMBERS Filed Aug. 8, 1924 3 sheets-sheet 2 WITNESSES: WILLIAII K. BISHOP INVENTOR A! fix/L10) M BY ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 28, 1925 UNITED sra'rss YORK.

PATENT OFFICE- WILLIAli/I K. BISHOP, OF BING-HAMTOH, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE BREWER- TI'ILGI-IENER CORPORATION, OF CORTLAND, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW? IVIETHOD OF UNITING COIMPLEBLENTARY FRAME JVLEMBERS.

npplication filed August 8, 1924. Serial No. 730,842.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, -"{Vimimir K. Bier-for,

a citizen of the United States, and a resi- Broome and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Methods of Uniting Complementary Frame Members of which the following isla specification.

My present invention relates to novel constructive means for forcibly indenting crimping cleats particularly applied to interlocking two-part curtain lightfraines, mirror frames, trays or name-plate mouldings and the like, but my iniiprovemeuts also find a wider application in various associa tions other than thosedesignated. The object of my invention is toprovide a simple and economical method for interlocking suitable complementary orcoacting frame members or like parts without resorting to separate fastening devices or prongs of any kind, the underlying fastening featuresbeing similar in certain aspects to those disclosed in my co-pending application Serial Number 668,530 filed October 15, 1943.

In its broader aspects my invention contemplates the uniting of any set of co-acting frame members such as might serve as a moulding for a center medium or as a binding. strip for the border of a fabric or like flexible lmiterials. My frame is fl'lltllfil'r more adapted to ecoiwmically mount. a center medium into a hole cut into a curtain fabric or the like; and in such. instances, my sol. of complementary frame members are preferably disposed on opposite sides of a flat medium while the marginal edges of the fabric opening are interposed therebetween for binding purposes; ugon interlocking the frame members as indicated, they constitute a neat and effective tie between the center medium and its s'iurro'unding curtainfabric.

As applied to a two-part curtain light frai'ne, the desired end is preferably accom .plished by the use of an endless outerv frame member having a cross-sectionally bowed or dished-shaped port-ion provided w th a set of overhung lugs that pro ect reward from .the respectively longitudinal edges of said dished contour to form an undercut annular slot therebetween, which recess constitutes the female part of my frame.

The separate backing or inner frame member is preferably made of sheet-metal and this is formed into a substantially rectangular grooved male. part that initially projects freely into but snugly nestles within said slot or female part of the outer frame member. When these two frame parts are firmly pressed together,the inner wall surfaces defining said channel-like groove in.the rearward side of the male part of the backing frame will be exposed to View. This is taken advantage of in fastening the male and female parts together by means of a novel crimp or indented cleat means shaped up integrally with the parallel side walls of said rectangular male part. The cleat is formed by forcibly expanding or otherwise indenting these relatively thin side walls outwardly so as to grip in under the respective overhung lug of the slotted female part. It is preferred to utilize a plurality of such sultably spaced cleats to interlock the inner frame member with the outer frame member after they have been properly assembled in place.

My improved method of fastening serves not only to eliminate the need for separarate screws, prongs or the like, but effects a substantial saving in the manufacturing cost of any complementary frame parts to which this invention may be applied. The frame members are furthermore entirely'free from projecting parts of any kind and when in tel-locked in place, they present a neatl finished appearance on either side of the interlocked frames.

Embodied herein are also a novel method for forming up the described two-part frames and also a disclosure of the particular type of toolrequired for expanding my crimp cleats therein.

Furthermore, means are sliown whereby a plurality of said indented cleats may be,

type of interlocked two part frames, all of which will be set forth in detail hereinafter.

ieference is had to the accompanying three sheets of drawings, which illustrate an example of the preferred embodimcntof my lINQl'ltiOll; like characters of reference indieating like parts in the several views, and in which drawings:

Fig. 1 is an elevational front view of the outer or female member of a two-part curtain light frame showing a curtain. and a pane mounted therein.

Fig. 2 is a rear view of F'if 1 showing the'inner or grooved male member of the curtain light frame shown in Fig.1.

Fig. 2 represents a partial view of the outer frame member as taken along the part line 2-2 of Fig. 3 the female or groove element of same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an assembled curtain light frame as taken along 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar toFig. 3, but indicating the relative position of the various curtain light elements prior to pressing the frame members together.

Fig. l represents a crimping tool. suitable for forming my interlockingcleat in the side walls of the offset male part of the innor frame member.

Figs. l and et represent bottom and side views, respectively, of the tool shown in v Fi g. l.

Fig. 5 shows my expanded crimp cleats applied to an endless two-part molding member of a nan'ie-plate or like parts, which member is similar to the curtain light fran'ie shown in Fig. 1, except that the transparent pane is now replaced by a name-plate or similar center medium.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an assembled name-plate molding as taken along 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Figs. 7 to 11 inclusive show partial crosssectional views illustrating the steps required in forming up the outer or female member of my two-part frame.

Figs. 12 to ll inclusive show partial cross sectional views illustrating the steps required in forming up the inner or male member of my two-part frame.

Fig. 15 shows an elevational out-line of a hand-operated multiple spindle machine adapted to simultaneously form a series of spaced crimp cleats in one ol erat-ion.

1.6 illustrates a tool block adapted to be attached to the ram of said machine as seen from below from the plane 16-1.G in Fig. 1?.

Fig. 17 represents an elevational side view of the tool block shown in Fig. 16 and f-ur ther illustrates the manner in which a plurality of rack and gear actuated crimping tools may be simultaneously actuated.

Fig. 18 shows some further details of the crimping tool used in connection with the machine outlined in Fig. 15.

ll e'lerring first to Fig. l, the letter A represents the sheet n'ietal outer frame member in its entirety particularly as applied to a curtain light structure and ll is the showing a detail of transparent pane or other medium mounted therein. The frame A is also provided with an internal. flange A, adapted to bear against the marginal portion of one side of the pane B. Formed integral with said flange A is a cross-sectionally dished or bowed offset A the outermost longitudinal edge of which terminates in an out vardly disposed foot flange A as is best shown in Fig. 3. This foot flange A, is further provided with an inturned annular lug A, that overhangs and follows along the outer longitudinal. edge of the dished offset A The opposite or innermost longitudinal edge of the endless dished offset A is likewise provided with a complementary inturned annular lug A which is shown as an. extension of the internal flange A, and spaced from the lug A, to form the slot or female part therebetween, designated as A This slot is disposed about the pane and preferably follows the frame contour. The described elements A A, and A substantially lie in a common plane with the face of the internal flange A and this plane defines the parting face of the two part frame members as is clearly indicated in Fig. 3.

In assembling the two-part frame mem bers as applied to curtain lights, the supporting fabric C is intended to initially lie along said aligned parting face. The pane B may then be mountedv a ainst the internal flange A, of theouter frame and cushioned by means of the interposed fabric (1 as shown in Fig. 8. The opposite face of the marginal edge of the pane B is held in place by a peculiarly shaped internal flange l), formed integral with the inner or backing frame and this second member of the twopart frame is designated as a. whole. by the letter D.

An endless bead-like element D is provided for said flange 1), for the purpose of augn'lcnting its resiliency with respect to the opposite internal flange A, as well as to the pane l) mounted tllerebetween. The outermost longitudinal edge of said beadlike element 1),, is sharply bent up into a plane substantially parallel to that of the internal flange 1),, that is to say, the face of the pane B but disposed in an offset re lation thereto, so as to constitute the narrow endless intern'iediate flange D as shown in Fig. 3.

The outermost edge of said intermediate flange l), is then sharply bent into an annular side wall D which is disposed substantially normal to the plane of the short face D, and loosely encircles the pane ll. The transverse wall D, is made of sufficient length to project considerably beyond the thickness of the pane B, whereupon the sheet metal of the backing frame is a 'ain bent outwardly and away from the internal flange 1), to fori'n a bottom wall D,. The

face dimension of this bottom wall is determined by the width of thereceiving slot in the female member as will appear hereinafter. The sheet metal is further bent back to form another annular side wall D, which is substantially parallel with the side wall D The inner frame member is finally flared outward and away from the wall D to form-the circumscribing flange D In the case of Fig. 3, this last named flange is disposed so as to align and become flush with the exterior face of the pane B.

The transverse side walls D and D together with the integral bottom wall D enclose an annular channel-like groove of substantially uniform width formed in the inner frame D, which groove designated as D is preferably but not necessarily disposed around the entire contour of the pane B. The exterior facesof t he spaced sidewalls D and D register with and are intended to ini-.

tially enter freely into the undercut slot A of the outer frame member A. The concentric side walls D and D together with the bottom wall D constitute the male part of the inner frame member D.

It will be observed that said male member is kept spaced from the bead like element D by means of the connecting interl'nediate flange D which flange preferably aligns with the plane of thecircumscribing flange D Said flange D is adapted to bear against the inner overhung lug A and it thus serves as a stop face against the outer frame member A when the assembled two-part frame is interlocked by means of my indented crimp cleats in the manner presently to be described.

Prior to assembling, the respective two part frame members when applied to a curtain. light, assume the relations indicated in Fig. The pane B is centered in the inner frame member I) while the fabric C lies between the inner and outer frame flanges as indicated. The members A and l) are then sprung tightly together causing the fabric 0 to take a circuitous path about the nested male and female frame parts as is best shown in Fig. 3.

lVhile in this strained or sprung relation, the described male and female flange parts are locked together in a novel manner. For this purpose, a crimping tool such as is shown in its various views by Figs. 4 4 and 4 may be used. The tool proper has a tapered shank E which snugly fits into a handle socket part E The shank E is further provided with a reduced neck portion E and the free end of which is equipt with a head element having oppositely disposed beveled toes F and E respectively. As shown in Fig. 49, the overall length 5 Z of the oblong head is somewhat greater than its width dimensions 7). The height ii, on the other hand, is made somewhat shorter than the distance between the assembled bottom wall D of the male part and the overhung lugs A J or A which define the slot in the female part.

The width b of the tool head intended to fit within. the groove dimension 1),. Hence when this tool is firmly pressed against the bottom wall D of the exposed groove, the partial turning of the shank will wedge the beveled toes E and E, against the respective side walls D and D, and thus cause the sheet metal therein to be indented and simultaneously shape up the opposite crimp or indented cleat means D and D in the manner indicated in Fig. 3. Said projections expanded in the side walls D and D serve to interlock the outer frame A with the inner frame B after the parts have been properly assembled in place. When the head length Z of my crimp tool is, made a little longer than the groove width D the described partial turning of the tool handle will serve to expand said indented cleats without necessarily cutting through the side walls D and D On the other hand, if it is preferred to work with a relatively longhead length Z, this may then be made to cut through said walls and form up triangular ear-like projecting spurs, which become interlocked with the respective overhung lugs A and A of the female part. The term indented cleat is used herein in its generic sense and is intended to cover either or both of these al ternative methods of forming the cleat as well as all other types of cleat that may be formed up by any kind of crimping tool adapted to be inserted into the exposed groove D It will further be observed that the expanded cleats D and D project outwardly from their respective side walls in such fashion that their overall width is now greater than the slot width A and that they are thereby made to engage the respective overhung lugs A, and A and become positively interlocked therewith. It will be apparent that the male part need not interlock with both of the lugs A, and A since the two-part frames may readily be fastened together by engagement with but one or the other of such lugs.

lVhile my expanded cleat method of interlocking any two nested sheet metal membershas been specifically described in connection with an endless curtain light frame, it is pointed out that this novel type of fastening is also applicable to many other purposes in the art to which it relates. As an instance of such wider application, Fig. 5 shows the indented crimp cleat used in connection with a. molding or endless two-part frame member for a name plate, license plate or the like center media. The frame elements are sub stantially identical with those previously described in connection with Fig. 3, except that the curtain fabric and the panels now omitted. In its stead, a name plate, tray plate or other center medium designated as served that the internal flange A, of the outer frame member A. is formed of double metal thickness by bending the sheet metal back upon itself to constitute the endless inner overhung lug A and that the foot flange A is formed in a like manner to constitute the endless outer overhung lug A The forming operations required to produce the outer frame member of this kind are disclosed in the partial cross-sectional views shown in Figs. 7 to 11 inclusive. The first step consists of a drawing operation form-- ing the endless cross-sectionally bowed or dished-like offset A, in a blank of sheet metal see Fig. 7). As is indicated by Fig. 8, the center of this dished blank is then pierced and the outer edges thereof trimmed to a suitable width and initially given the annular contour as outlined by dotted and dashed lines in Fig. 1, thus leaving a marginal brim portion around both longitudinal edges of said endless offset. The next step consists in bending up the respective inner and outer brim portions intermediate their respective width dimensions in the manner shown in Fig. 9. These brim portions are then further crimped and inturned so as to assume the angular relation indicated by Fig. 10. As a final operation, the said brims are still further inturned and pressed down so as to align and bear snugly against the respective adjacent faces of the outwardly disposed wall of the foot flange A, and that of the inwardly disposed inner flange A in the manner shown in Fig. 11. The successive steps indicated by Figs. 9 to 11 inclusive, together really constitute but a. single crimping operation and hereafter will so be designated. It will be seen that the inturned trimmed edges of said brim portions are made to overlap the two longitudinal edges of said dished oll set to form an undercut slot therebetween in the manner previously described in connection with Figs. 1 to 6.

In order to facilitate said bending operation around the corners of the outer frame member A, it is preferred to cut back the corners of the pierced center of the blank by shaping same in the manner indicated in Fig. 1 by dotted and dashed lines. This in turn increases the width of the endless slot 11 at such points where said gap turns the corners and this feature is further shown in Fig. 2 as taken along 29f of Fig. 3 where the augmented corner slots are designated as A' Referring now to the method of forming up of the inner frame D, this is disclosed in the various views Figs. 12 to 1 1 inclusive. The first operation consists in drawing up the substantially rectangular maleollset out of a blank of ductile sheet metal as shown by Fig; 12. This blank is next pierced and trimmed to a suitable width as indicated by Fig. 13, and is given an endless shape that generally follows the contour of the complementary outer frame A. As a final operation, the endless raised bead-like element D is drawn into this inner frame, leaving an inwardly disposed internal flange ortion D which is adapted to bear against either the pane B or the center medium 13. It will be obvious that the designated order of described operations may be modified without effecting any material change .in the resulting product. As *as previously pointed out, the element 1), is intended to be suitably spaced from the male part D D ,D to form the short intermediate flange D which lies in substantial alignment with the circumscribing flange I), as shown. in Fig. 14.

A further important object of the present invention is to provide suitable means whereby the described two-part curtain light frame and the like members may be assembled and interlocked with the rapidity and at the minimum of expense such as is required to fully meet present productive needs; To this end, I provide for a hand operated multiple spindle machine such as is illustrated in Figs. 15 to 18- inclusive, which simultaneously operates a series of spaced crimping tools and allows of quickly and economically forn'iing the described crimp cleats for interlocking any two-part frame mcn'ibers.

Referring now to Fig. 15, the conventional press frame F is provided with a suitable sliding ram F having a link F, that engages the lever F, which is fulcrumed at any (011- venicnt point such as F,,. The part F represents a counterweight adapted to balance the reciprocating ram F Mounted within the gap of the frame and attached to the lower end of the sliding ram, is a tool block designated as a whole by G. The bottom of the frame gap is further provided with a die fixture or platin F adapted to receive the dished outer member A of an assembled frame such as shown and described in connection with Fig. lVhen the assembled frame members are placed in this position, the annular groove D of the backing frame I) will be exposed to view and made to face the multiple tools carried by the block G. As shown in detail by Figs. 16 and 17, the tool block comprises a series of parallelly mounted tool spindle sockets such as G,, G, etc, the axes of which align with and are distributed about the contour of said groove 1),. Each such spindle is equipt with a rotatably mounted gear, that mesh with suitably disposed rack sections such as G G, etc., which sections are mounted upon the comnilon slide block G A second hand operated lever G having a bell crank part G is equipt to engage the pin G which is adapted tomove the slide block G within the respective limits indicated by full and dotted lines in Fig. 16. a

As shown in Fig. 18, each of said sockets such as G, is provided with a tapped shank crimped tool similar to that designated. as G and this tool is substantially identical to that previously described in connection with Figs. 4% and 4c inclusive. When the lever G is placed in its full lined position, all of the toe elements of the respective crimping tools are intended to align length wise with the contour of the exposed slot D so as to allow said toes to drop freely into the endless slot D when the upper lever F, is pulled down into its lower or dotted position. This-operation will also serve to initially press the two-part frame members snuglytogether, whereupon the lower lever G is pulled sidewise into its dotted position, causing all the crimping; tools to rotate about their respective socket axes and thus simultaneously produce a. plurality of the described expanded crimp cleats. When the lower lever is brought back into its fulllined position and the upper lever is again raised, the completely interlocked frame i'nembers may thereupon be removed from the platin F While the preferred embodiment of my crimp cleat means has been set forth in detail, it is to be understood that this novel device is subject to a rather wide latitude in its application; as an instance, it will be apparent that instead of utilizing a single endless female and nestled male parts of my illustrated frame, substantially the same results may be obtained by. means of av series of shorter registering parts male and female suitably disposed about; the contour of the outer frame, and this modification of inter locked fastcuilu, moans although not specifically illustrated, is nevertheless intended to come within the scope of my invention. Furthermore, the pitch allowed between the crimp cleats is to a large extent optional, and, for certain purposes it may be expedient to so closely space these cleats as to virtually constitute one continuous cleat through out the length of the interlocked joint. It will also be apparent that the male part of my frame need not necessarily be formed in the described rectangular fashion, and that disclosures may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, heretofore described, and more particularly set forth in the appended claims.

Claims.

1. The method of uniting a set of co acting endless framemembers adapted-to encompass an opening therethrough, of which fran'ie one member is provided with a female part while the other member is provided with a registering male part adapted for crimping or indenting into the female part when the parts are assembled, said method consists in crimping or indenting the male part into the female part subsequent to the assembly thereof.

2. The method of interlocking a set of co-act-ing hoop-lik frame members having a central opening therethrou'gh, of which frame one member is provided with a female part while the other member is provide-d with an expansible projecting mal part adapted to register with said female part when the frame members are assembled, 0 said method consists 1n crnnpmg or indent ing the male part into interlocking engagement with the female part subsequent to the assembly thereof. 1

3. The method of uniting a set of coacting frame members serving to bind a medium therebetween, of which frame one member is provided with a female part disposed outside the perimeter of said medium while the other member is provided with an expansible ma-le part initially shaped to nestle within said female part when the said two parts are assembled, said method consists in crimping or indenting said male part into interlocking engagementwith the femal part subsequent to the assembly thereof.

4. The method of uniting a set of coacting frame members serving to bind a medium therebetween, of which frame one member is provided with a plurality of 50" male parts dispose-d outside the perimeter of said medium while the other member is provided with registering expansible male parts initially shaped to nestle within their respective female parts when assembled, said method consists in crimping or indenting the male parts into their respective fcmale parts subsequent to the assembly there of for the purpose of interlocking said frame members about said medium.

5. The method of uniting a set of coacting endless frame members serving to encompass a center medium and bind same therebetween, of which fran'ie one member is provided with a female part while the other members is provided with an expansible male part adapted to initially nestle within the female part when the parts are assembled, said method consists in crimpvarious other changes in the details of mying or indenting said male part into the female part subsequent to the assembly thereof.

'6. The method of uniting a set of coacting frame members serving to bind a fabric therebetween, of which frame one member is provided with a female part and the other member is provided with a regis tering expansible male part, said method consists in crimpim, or indenting the male part into interlocking engagement with the female part for the purpose of binding the interposed fabric to said frame.

7. The method of uniting a set of coacting frame members disposed on opposite sides of a medium and serving to bind an interposed fabric thereto, of which frame one member is provided with a female part while the other member is provided with an expansible male part initially shaped to enter said female part when the members are assembled, said method consists in crimping or indenting the male part into interlocking engagement with the female part subsequent to the assembly thereof.

8. The method of uniting a set of coacting frame members serving to bind a medium therebetween, of which frame one member is provided with a slotted female part circumscribing the marginal contour of said medium while the other member is provided with an expansible grooved channellike male part initially shaped to unobstructedly enter said female part, said method consists in crimping or indenting the male part into interlocking engagement with the female part subsequent to the entrance of said co-acting parts.

9. The method of uniting a set of co acting endless fram members serving to bind a medium therebetwecn, of which frame one member is provided with an undercut slotted female part disposed outside of the perimeter of said medium while the other member is provided with cross-sectionall'y channel shaped male part having an eri'pansible side wall extending across the parting surface between said members and adapted to register with an edge portion of said female part, said method consists in crimping or indenting the side wall of said male part into interlocking relation with the adjacent portion of the fenmle part subsequent to the entrance of said male part into said registering female part.

10. The method of uniting at set at endless eo-acting frame members serving to bind a medium therebetwe-en, of which frame one member is provided with a female part while the other member is provided with a hollow expansible male part registering with and entered into said female part, said method consists in introducing forming tool means into said male part and by the operation thereof, indenting or crimping the male part into interlocking engagement with the female part subsequent to the assembly thereof.

11. The method of uniting a set of coacting frame members serving to bind a medium therebetween, of which frame one member is provided with a female part disposed around the margin of said medium while the other member is provided with an expansible cross-sectionally grooved projet-ting male part entered into said female part, said method consists in introducing nuiltiple oscillatory crimping tool means into the mouth of said grooved male part and by the operation thereof, indenting or crimpingsaid assembled male part into interlocking engagement with the female part at a plurality of spaced points along said grooved male part.

12. The method of uniting a set of co acting endless frame members having an opening therethrough, of which frame one member is provided with a slotted female part encompassing said opening while the other member is provided with an expansible grooved male part registering with and entered into said female part, said method consists in introducing a plurality of crimping or indenting tool means into the mouth of said assembled male n-iember and by the operation thereof, siimiltaneously indenting or crimping said male part into interlocking engagement with the female part at a plurality of spaced points along said grooved male part.

13. The method of forming complementary endless sheet-metal moulding or framelike members respectively comprising a female part and a nested male part therefor, which method as applied to said male part consists in the following steps, viz: firstly, drawing the sheet metal to form an endless groove therein, having a set of substantially parallel. side walls normally disposed to the face of said blank; secondly, trimming the blank to form a circumscribing flange for said groove and piercing the blank to partially remove the center from said endless male member; thirdly, drawing an endless interior bead-like clement spaced from said groove to constitute an intermediate flange therebt-twecn; and; lastly, assembling the male part within said fer-mile part and in denting crimp cleats in one or both of said side walls whereby to interlock the male part into the female part subsequent to the assembly thereof.

1%. The method of forming complement'rry endless sheet-motal moulding or framelike members respectively comprising a female part and a nested male part therefor, which method as applied to the female part consists of the following steps, viz: firstly, drawing an endless cross-sectionally dishedlike offset in the sheet metal blank; secondly, trimming the blank by piercing the center of the endless female part while leaving a marginal brim around both longitudinal edges of said offset; thirdly, a crimping step serving to bend over and inturn said brim portions intermediate to their respective width dimensions whereby to overlap the two longitudinal edges of said offset and form. an undercut slot between the respective trimmed edges of said inturned brims, and lastly, assembling the male part into the female, part and indenting crimp cleats therebetween subsequent to the assembly thereof.

15. The method of forming complementary endless sheet-metal moulding or framelike members respectively comprising a female part and a channel grooved male part therefor adapted to be nested within said female part, which method as applied to the female part consists of the following steps, viz: firstly, drawing an endless cross-sectionally dished-like offset in the blank; secondly, trimming the blank by piercing the center while leaving a marginal brim portion around both longitudinal edges of said offset; and thirdly, a crimping step serving to bend over and inturn both the innermost and the outermost brim portions whereby to overlap the longitudinal edges of said offset and form an undercut slot between the trimmed edges of said inturned brim; and as applied to the male part, said method consists of the following steps,,viz: firstly, drawing an endless groove in a second sheetmetal blank adapted to enter said undercut slot of the female member; secondly, trimming said blank by piercing the center while leaving a marginal brim portion around both the longitudinal edges of said groove; and finally, indenting an interlocking crimp cleat between the assembled male and female parts subsequent to the assembly thereof.

16. The method of uniting a set of coacting members of which one member is provided with a slotted female part while the other member is provided with a hollow expansible male part having complementary side walls adapted to register with the re spective longitudinal edges defining said slot, said method consists in introducing into the interior of said male part, a pivotally mounted forming tool comprising a shank equipt with oppositely disposed toe elements, and by the rotary movement thereof, simultaneously indenting or expanding both of the side walls subsequent to the assembly of said male and female parts.

17. The method of uniting a set of coacting members of which one member is provided with a slotted female part while the other is provided with a hollow expansible male part having complementary side walls adapted to register with the respective longitudinal edges defining said slot, said .method consists in introducing into the interior of said male part, a plurality of interconnected pivotally mounted forming tools, each comprising a shank equipt with oppositely disposed toe elements, and by the oscillatory operation thereof simultaneously forming spaced crimp cleats between the said male and female parts subsequent to the assembly thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have herewith set my hand this 4th day of August, 19%.

VILLIAM K. BISHOP.

i tnesses JAMES F. GRAY, D. N. Anno'rr.

, iiiWillamettea W 

